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Vue(3.0) Composition API | Bootstrap(v5) | JSON Server | CRUD Example

In this article, we are going to implement a sample Vue(3.0) CRUD example, using JSON Server(Fake API).

Vue(3.0):

Vue(3.0) is a javascript framework for creating a single-page application. Vue application built by component. The components are the smallest unit of the application which comprises 'Script', 'Template(HTML)', and 'Style'. Eventually, multiple components together create the Vue application.

Create Vue(3.0) Application:

Let's create a sample Vue(3.0) application to accomplish our demo.

To create a VueJS application our local machine should contain NodeJS. So go to "https://nodejs.org/en/download" and download the Node.

Now run the below command to create the Vue3 application.
 npm init vue@latest

On running the above command we have to choose a few options before creating a vue application, in those options we can choose the default option as 'No', but for the routing option select 'Yes' like below.

Now open our vue application in 'Visual Studio Code' editor and then run the 'npm install' command to download the required packages.

Let's explore the project default files & folders structure:

package.json -  the 'package.json' file contains package references, commands, etc.

index.html -  the 'index.html' file is the only HTML file of our vue application. It contains a 'div' element with  'id' value 'app', so inside of those elements our components get rendered.

main.js - entry js file.

App.vue - entry vue component.

views(folder) - contains vue component that acts as an individual page.

router(folder) - contains js file which contains route configuration.

components(folder) - contains vue components that can be used as children's components

assets(folder) - contains static files like images.

Run the below command to start the VueJS application under the local server.
 npm run dev

Setup JSON Server(Fake API):

Let's set up a fake API by setting up the JSON server in our local machine.

Run the below command to install the JSON server globally onto your local system.
npm install -g json-server

Now go to our Vue application and add a command to run the JSON server into the 'pakage.json' file
Now to invoke the above added command, run the below command in vue application root folder
npm run json-run

After running the above command for the first time, a 'db.json' file gets created, so this file act as a database. So let's add some sample data to the file as below.

Now access the fake JSON endpoint like 'http://localhost:3000/wonders'

Configure Bootstrap Menu:

In the 'index.html' add the bootstrap CSS and JS file references.
index.html:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
  <head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8" />
    <link rel="icon" href="/favicon.ico" />
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" />
    <title>Vite App</title>
    <link
      href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.3.0-alpha1/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css"
      rel="stylesheet"
      integrity="sha384-GLhlTQ8iRABdZLl6O3oVMWSktQOp6b7In1Zl3/Jr59b6EGGoI1aFkw7cmDA6j6gD"
      crossorigin="anonymous"
    />
  </head>
  <body>
    <div id="app"></div>
    <script type="module" src="/src/main.js"></script>
    <script
      src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.3.0-alpha1/dist/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"
      integrity="sha384-w76AqPfDkMBDXo30jS1Sgez6pr3x5MlQ1ZAGC+nuZB+EYdgRZgiwxhTBTkF7CXvN"
      crossorigin="anonymous"
    ></script>
  </body>
</html>
  • (Line: 8-13) Bootstrap CSS reference
  • (Line: 18-22) Bootstrap JS reference
Next, remove the default CSS file 'src/assets/main.css' and also remove its reference from the 'main.js'

Now let's update the 'App.vue' component with the bootstrap menu as follows.
src/App.vue:
<script setup>
import { RouterLink, RouterView } from "vue-router";
</script>

<template>
  <nav class="navbar bg-primary" data-bs-theme="dark">
    <div class="container-fluid">
      <a class="navbar-brand" href="#">7 Wonders Of The World</a>
    </div>
  </nav>
  <div class="container">
    <RouterView />
  </div>
</template>

<style scoped>

</style>
  • Here added our bootstrap. The 'RouterView' is the default component loads from the 'vue-router'. The 'RouterView' component renders the page content

Install Axio Library:

To consume API calls we need to install Axios library
npm install axios

Create A 'AllWonders' Vue Component:

Let's create a new vue component 'AllWonders.vue' in 'src/views/wonders'(new folder).

Now configure the route for 'AllWonders.vue' component in the 'router/index.js'.
src/router/index.js:
import { createRouter, createWebHistory } from "vue-router";
import AllWonders from "../views/wonders/AllWonders.vue";
const router = createRouter({
  history: createWebHistory(import.meta.env.BASE_URL),
  routes: [
    {
      path: "/",
      name: "home",
      component: AllWonders,
    },
  ],
});
export default router;
  • Here configured a route like '/' to our 'AllWonders' component.

Implement Read Operation:

Read operation means invoking the HTTP GET endpoint, and rendering the API response to the UI.
src/views/wonders/AllWonders.vue:
<script setup>
import { ref, onMounted } from "vue";
import axios from "axios";
const allWonders = ref([]);
onMounted(() => {
  axios.get("http://localhost:3000/wonders").then((response) => {
    allWonders.value = response.data;
  });
});
</script>
<template>
  <div class="container mt-3">
    <div class="row row-cols-1 row-cols-md-3 g-4">
      <div class="col" v-for="item in allWonders" :key="item.id">
        <div class="card">
          <img :src="item.imageUrl" class="card-img-top" alt="..." />
          <div class="card-body">
            <h5 class="card-title">{{ item.name }}</h5>
            <p class="card-text">Location: {{ item.location }}</p>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>
</template>
  • (Line: 1) The 'setup' attribute added to the script tag that represents we are using the composition API approach.
  • (Line: 4) Declared 'allWonders' variable of type 'ref'. The 'ref' type is used to declare the reactive properties. Here 'ref([])' means an empty array will be the initial value for the 'allWonders' variable. The 'ref' imports from the 'vue' library.
  • (Line: 5) The  'onMounted' is the life cycle method. Here we can add our logic that needs to be executed on the component mounted. Here generally we invoke our APIS whose response we want to display on page load.
  • (Line: 6-8) Using 'axios.get()' invoking our HTTP GET API endpoint. Here API response assigned to  'allWonders' variable. In vue to assign value to 'ref' variable we should assign to '{variable}.value', we can't directly assign it to the variable itself.
  • (Line: 12-24) Inside the 'template' element we have to render all our component HTML content.
  • (Line: 14) The 'v-for' attribute is used to loop the HTML element based on the collection variable(allWonders). The ':key' attribute is assigned with a unique values like 'id' this helps with HTML track.
  • In vue to render any data dynamically or data binding we have to use ''{{}}"
Now run both vue application and Json Server(fake API).

Create A 'AddWonders.vue' Component:

Let's create a new Vue component 'AddWornders.vue' in 'src/views/wonders'.

Now configure routing for 'AddWonders.vue' component in the 'router/index.js'.
src/router/index.js:
import { createRouter, createWebHistory } from "vue-router";
import AllWonders from "../views/wonders/AllWonders.vue";
import AddWonders from "../views/wonders/AddWonders.vue";
const router = createRouter({
  history: createWebHistory(import.meta.env.BASE_URL),
  routes: [
    {
      path: "/",
      name: "home",
      component: AllWonders,
    },
    {
      path: "/add-wonder",
      name: "Add Wonder",
      component: AddWonders,
    },
  ],
});
export default router;
  • (Line: 12-16) Configured the '/add-wonder' router for 'AddWonders.vue' component.

Implement Create Operation:

The Create operation means posting the data to the HTTP POST API call for creating the new item.
src/views/wonders/AddWonders.vue:
<script setup>
import axios from "axios";
import { reactive } from "vue";
import { useRouter } from "vue-router";
let newWonder = reactive({
  name: "",
  location: "",
  imageUrl: "",
});
const router = useRouter();
const addNewWonder = () => {
  axios.post("http://localhost:3000/wonders", newWonder).then(() => {
    router.push("/");
  });
};
</script>

<template>
  <div class="container mt-4 w-50">
    <form @submit.prevent="addNewWonder">
      <legend >Add New Wonder's</legend>
      <div class="mb-3">
        <label for="txtwonderName" class="form-label">Wonder Name</label>
        <input
          type="text"
          v-model="newWonder.name"
          class="form-control"
          id="txtwonderName"
        />
      </div>
      <div class="mb-3">
        <label for="txtLocation" class="form-label">Location</label>
        <input
          type="text"
          v-model="newWonder.location"
          class="form-control"
          id="txtLocation"
        />
      </div>
      <div class="mb-3">
        <label for="txtImageUrl" class="form-label">Image URL</label>
        <input
          type="text"
          v-model="newWonder.imageUrl"
          class="form-control"
          id="txtImageUrl"
        />
      </div>
      <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">Add</button>
    </form>
  </div>
</template>
  • (Line: 1) The 'setup' attribute added to the script tag that represents we are using the composition API approach.
  • (Line: 5-9) The 'reactive' type loads from 'vue' library. The 'reactive' type is appropriate for creating models for the form binding. Here we defined properties like 'name', 'location', and 'imageUrl' which can use for form binding.
  • (Line: 11-15) The 'addNewWonder' method contains logic to invoke the HTTP Post API call.
  • In vue to enable the form model binding we will use 'v-model' attribute. Each form field must be decorated with the 'v-model'.
  • (Line: 20) The '@submit.prevent' event raises on clicking the form submit button, but it won't reload the page since we configured the 'prevent' event. Here '@submit.prevent' is registered with 'addNewWonder' method.
Let's configure the 'Add' button in 'AllWonders.vue' component so that we can navigate from the 'AllWonders.vue' to  'AddWonders.vue'.
src/views/wonders/Allwonders.vue:
<script setup>
import { ref, onMounted } from "vue";
import axios from "axios";
const allWonders = ref([]);
onMounted(() => {
  axios.get("http://localhost:3000/wonders").then((response) => {
    allWonders.value = response.data;
  });
});
</script>
<template>
  <div class="container mt-3">
    <div class="row m-2">
      <div class="col col-md-4 offset-md-4">
        <RouterLink to="/add-wonder" class="btn btn-primary">Add</RouterLink>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="row row-cols-1 row-cols-md-3 g-4">
      <div class="col" v-for="item in allWonders" :key="item.id">
        <div class="card">
          <img :src="item.imageUrl" class="card-img-top" alt="..." />
          <div class="card-body">
            <h5 class="card-title">{{ item.name }}</h5>
            <p class="card-text">Location: {{ item.location }}</p>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>
</template>
  • (Line: 15) Added the 'RouterLink' its 'to' attribute configured with '/add-wonder' route.
(Step 1)

(Step 2)

(Step 3)

Create A 'EditWonders.vue' Component:

Let's create a new Vue component 'EditWornders.vue' in 'src/views/wonders'.
Now configure routing for the 'EditWonders.vue' component in 'router/index.js'.
src/router/index.js:
import { createRouter, createWebHistory } from "vue-router";
import AllWonders from "../views/wonders/AllWonders.vue";
import AddWonders from "../views/wonders/AddWonders.vue";
import EditWonders from "../views/wonders/EditWonders.vue";
const router = createRouter({
  history: createWebHistory(import.meta.env.BASE_URL),
  routes: [
    {
      path: "/",
      name: "home",
      component: AllWonders,
    },
    {
      path: "/add-wonder",
      name: "Add Wonder",
      component: AddWonders,
    },
    {
      path: "/edit-wonder/:id",
      name: "Edit Wonder",
      component: EditWonders,
    }
  ],
});
export default router;
  • (Line: 18-22) configured the 'edit-wonder/:id' route for the 'EditWonders.vue' component. Here ':id' is the dynamic placeholder where we define an item to edit the 'id' value in the route.

Implement Update Operation:

The update operation means invoking the HTTP PUT endpoint to update the existing item.
src/views/wonders/EditWonders.vue:
<script setup>
import axios from "axios";
import { reactive, onMounted } from "vue";
import { useRouter, useRoute } from "vue-router";
 
let wonderToUpdate = reactive({
  id: 0,
  name: "",
  location: "",
  imageUrl: "",
});
 
const router = useRouter();
const route = useRoute();
 
onMounted(() => {
  axios
    .get(`http://localhost:3000/wonders/${route.params.id}`)
    .then((response) => {
      wonderToUpdate.id = response.data.id;
      wonderToUpdate.name = response.data.name;
      wonderToUpdate.location = response.data.location;
      wonderToUpdate.imageUrl = response.data.imageUrl;
    });
});
 
const updateWonder = () => {
  axios.put(`http://localhost:3000/wonders/${route.params.id}`, wonderToUpdate).then(() => {
    router.push("/");
  });
};
</script>
<template>
  <div class="container mt-4 w-50">
    <form @submit.prevent="updateWonder">
      <legend>Update Wonders</legend>
      <div class="mb-3">
        <label for="txtWonderName" class="form-label">Name</label>
        <input
          type="text"
          v-model="wonderToUpdate.name"
          class="form-control"
          id="txtWonderName"
        />
      </div>
      <div class="mb-3">
        <label for="txtLocation" class="form-label">Location</label>
        <input
          type="text"
          v-model="wonderToUpdate.location"
          class="form-control"
          id="txtLocation"
        />
      </div>
      <div class="mb-3">
        <label for="txtImageUrl" class="form-label">Image URL</label>
        <input
          type="text"
          v-model="wonderToUpdate.imageUrl"
          class="form-control"
          id="txtImageUrl"
        />
      </div>
      <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">Update</button>
    </form>
  </div>
</template>
  • (Line: 1) The 'setup' attribute added to the script tag that represents we are using the composition API approach.
  • (Line: 6-11) The 'reactive' type loads from the 'vue' library. The 'reactive' type is appropriate for creating the model for the form binding in vue. Here we defined properties like 'id', 'name', 'location', and 'imageUrl' which can use for the form binding.
  • (Line: 13) The 'useRouter' loads from the 'vue-router' library that helps with navigation.
  • (Line: 14) The 'useRoute' loads from the 'vue-router' library that helps to read the URL parameters.
  • (Line; 16-25) The 'onMounted' is a Vue life-cycle method in which we invoke the get by 'id' endpoint to populate the item data on to our update form.
  • (Line: 27-31) Here we defined a method like 'updateWonder' that contains logic to invoke the HTTP PUT request to update the item.
  • In vue enable the form model binding we will use 'v-model' attribute. Each form field must be decorate with 'v-model'.
  • (Line: 35) The '@submit.prevent' event raises on clicking the form submit button, but it won't reload the page since we configured the 'prevent' event. Here '@submit.prevent' is registered with 'updateWonder' method.
Let's configure the 'Edit' button in 'AllWonders.vue' component. So that we can navigate from the 'AllWonders.vue' to 'EditWonders.vue'.
src/views/wonders/EditWonders.vue:
<div class="card">
  <img :src="item.imageUrl" class="card-img-top" alt="..." />
  <div class="card-body">
	<h5 class="card-title">{{ item.name }}</h5>
	<p class="card-text">Location: {{ item.location }}</p>
	<router-link class="btn btn-primary" :to="`/edit-wonder/${item.id}`">Edit</router-link>
  </div>
</div>
  • (Line: 6) The 'Routerlink' is configured as our Edit button. Here is our dynamically generated edit route adding at 'to' attribute.
(Step 1)

(Step 2)

(Step 3)

Create A 'ConfirmDeletePopup' Component:

Let's create 'ConfirmDeletePopup.vue' VueJS component in 'src/components' folder, this component can be used as global and its functionality is to show a popup for deleting any kind of item for your application.
src/components/ConfirmDeletePopup.vue:
<script setup></script>
<template>
  <div
    class="modal fade"
    id="deleteModal"
    tabindex="-1"
    aria-labelledby="exampleModalLabel"
    aria-hidden="true"
  >
    <div class="modal-dialog">
      <div class="modal-content">
        <div class="modal-header">
          <h1 class="modal-title fs-5" id="exampleModalLabel">
            Delete Confirmation!
          </h1>
          <button
            type="button"
            class="btn-close"
            data-bs-dismiss="modal"
            aria-label="Close"
          ></button>
        </div>
        <div class="modal-body">Are you sure to delete this item</div>
        <div class="modal-footer">
          <button
            type="button"
            class="btn btn-secondary"
            data-bs-dismiss="modal"
          >
            Close
          </button>
          <button
            type="button"
            @click="$emit('confirmdelete-click')"
            class="btn btn-danger"
          >
            Confirm Delete
          </button>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>
</template>
  • Here we added the bootstrap modal HTML content.
  • (Line: 5) Make sure to give 'id' attribute value fo the bootstrap modal.
  • (Line: 34) Here button click emits 'confirmdelete-click' which means we are trying to receive an event from the child component(ConfirmDeletePopup.vue) to the parent component(like 'AllWonders.vue'). To emit the event we have to use '$emit()'.

Implement Delete Operation:

The delete operation means invoking the HTTP Delete endpoint for deleting the item.
src/views/wonders/AllWonders.vue:
<script setup>
import { ref, onMounted } from "vue";
import ConfirmDeletePopup from "../../components/ConfirmDeletePopup.vue";
import axios from "axios";
const allWonders = ref([]);
const itemToDeleteId = ref([0]);
let deleteModal;

onMounted(() => {
  deleteModal = new window.bootstrap.Modal(
    document.getElementById("deleteModal"));

  axios.get("http://localhost:3000/wonders").then((response) => {
    allWonders.value = response.data;
  });
});

const openDeleteModal = (id) => {
  itemToDeleteId.value = id;
  deleteModal.show();
};

const confirmDelete = () => {
  axios
    .delete(`http://localhost:3000/wonders/${itemToDeleteId.value}`)
    .then(() => {
      allWonders.value = allWonders.value.filter(
        (_) => _.id !== itemToDeleteId.value
      );
      itemToDeleteId.value = 0;
      deleteModal.hide();
    });
};
</script>
<template>
  <div class="container mt-3">
    <div class="row m-2">
      <div class="col col-md-4 offset-md-4">
        <RouterLink to="/add-wonder" class="btn btn-primary">Add</RouterLink>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="row row-cols-1 row-cols-md-3 g-4">
      <div class="col" v-for="item in allWonders" :key="item.id">
        <div class="card">
          <img :src="item.imageUrl" class="card-img-top" alt="..." />
          <div class="card-body">
            <h5 class="card-title">{{ item.name }}</h5>
            <p class="card-text">Location: {{ item.location }}</p>
            <router-link class="btn btn-primary" :to="`/edit-wonder/${item.id}`"
              >Edit</router-link
            > | 
            <button
              type="button"
              @click="openDeleteModal(item.id)"
              class="btn btn-danger"
            >
              Delete
            </button>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>
  <ConfirmDeletePopup @confirmdelete-click="confirmDelete"></ConfirmDeletePopup>
</template>
  • (Line: 7) Declared the variable like 'deleteModal'.
  • (Line: 10-11) Bootstrap instance assigned to the 'deleteModal'.Here we use the modal 'id' attribute value while creating the bootstrap instance.
  • (Line: 18-21) The 'openDeleteModal' method contains logic to show the delete confirmation modal on clicking the delete button. Here we set the item to delete 'id' value to 'itemToDelete' variable.
  • (Line: 23-33) The 'confirmDelete' method contains logic to invoke the delete 
  • API call. On successful deletion, we are going to update our 'allWonders' variable and then hide the bootstrap modal.
  • (Line: 52-58) Here we added the 'Delete' button and its click registered with the 'openDeleteModal' method.
  • (Line: 64)Rendered our 'ConfirmDeletePopup' component and registered with '@confirmdelete-click' which reads the button click from the child component(ConfirmDeletePopup.vue)

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In this article, we are going to implement the Angular(14) state management CRUD example with NgRx(14) NgRx Store For State Management: In an angular application to share consistent data between multiple components, we use NgRx state management. Using NgRx state helps to avoid unwanted API calls, easy to maintain consistent data, etc. The main building blocks for the NgRx store are: Actions - NgRx actions represents event to trigger the reducers to save the data into the stores. Reducer - Reducer's pure function, which is used to create a new state on data change. Store - The store is the model or entity that holds the data. Selector - Selector to fetch the slices of data from the store to angular components. Effects - Effects deals with external network calls like API. The effect gets executed based the action performed Ngrx State Management flow: The angular component needs data for binding.  So angular component calls an action that is responsible for invoking the API call.  Aft
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Usage Of CancellationToken In Asp.Net Core Applications

When To Use CancellationToken?: In a web application request abortion or orphan, requests are quite common. On users disconnected by network interruption or navigating between multiple pages before proper response or closing of the browser, tabs make the request aborted or orphan. An orphan request can't deliver a response to the client, but it will execute all steps(like database calls, HTTP calls, etc) at the server. Complete execution of an orphan request at the server might not be a problem generally if at all requests need to work on time taking a job at the server in those cases might be nice to terminate the execution immediately. So CancellationToken can be used to terminate a request execution at the server immediately once the request is aborted or orphan. Here we are going to see some sample code snippets about implementing a CancellationToken for Entity FrameworkCore, Dapper ORM, and HttpClient calls in Asp.NetCore MVC application. Note: The sample codes I will show in
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Blazor WebAssembly Custom Authentication From Scratch

In this article, we are going to explore and implement custom authentication from the scratch. In this sample, we will use JWT authentication for user authentication. Main Building Blocks Of Blazor WebAssembly Authentication: The core concepts of blazor webassembly authentication are: AuthenticationStateProvider Service AuthorizeView Component Task<AuthenticationState> Cascading Property CascadingAuthenticationState Component AuthorizeRouteView Component AuthenticationStateProvider Service - this provider holds the authentication information about the login user. The 'GetAuthenticationStateAsync()' method in the Authentication state provider returns user AuthenticationState. The 'NotifyAuthenticationStateChaged()' to notify the latest user information within the components which using this AuthenticationStateProvider. AuthorizeView Component - displays different content depending on the user authorization state. This component uses the AuthenticationStateProvider
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How Response Caching Works In Asp.Net Core

What Is Response Caching?: Response Caching means storing of response output and using stored response until it's under it's the expiration time. Response Caching approach cuts down some requests to the server and also reduces some workload on the server. Response Caching Headers: Response Caching carried out by the few Http based headers information between client and server. Main Response Caching Headers are like below Cache-Control Pragma Vary Cache-Control Header: Cache-Control header is the main header type for the response caching. Cache-Control will be decorated with the following directives. public - this directive indicates any cache may store the response. private - this directive allows to store response with respect to a single user and can't be stored with shared cache stores. max-age - this directive represents a time to hold a response in the cache. no-cache - this directive represents no storing of response and always fetch the fr
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Angular 14 Crud Example

In this article, we will implement CRUD operation in the Angular 14 application. Angular: Angular is a framework that can be used to build a single-page application. Angular applications are built with components that make our code simple and clean. Angular components compose of 3 files like TypeScript File(*.ts), Html File(*.html), CSS File(*.cs) Components typescript file and HTML file support 2-way binding which means data flow is bi-directional Component typescript file listens for all HTML events from the HTML file. Create Angular(14) Application: Let's create an Angular(14) application to begin our sample. Make sure to install the Angular CLI tool into our local machine because it provides easy CLI commands to play with the angular application. Command To Install Angular CLI npm install -g @angular/cli Run the below command to create the angular application. Command To Create Angular Application ng new name_of_your_app Note: While creating the app, you will see a noti
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