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ReactJS(v18) Authentication With JWT AccessToken And Refresh Token


In this article, we are going to do ReactJS(v18) application authentication using the JWT Access Token and Refresh Token.

JSON Web Token(JWT):

JSON Web Token is a digitally signed and secured token for user validation. The JWT is constructed with 3 important parts:
  • Header
  • Payload
  • Signature

Create ReactJS Application:

Let's create a ReactJS application to accomplish our demo.
npx create-react-app name-of-your-app

Configure React Bootstrap Library:

Let's install the React Bootstrap library
npm install react-bootstrap bootstrap

Now add the bootstrap CSS reference in 'index.js'.
src/index.js:
import 'bootstrap/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css'

Create A React Component 'Layout':

Let's add a React component like 'Layout' in 'components/shared' folders(new folders).
src/components/shared/Layout.js:
import Navbar from "react-bootstrap/Navbar";
import { Container } from "react-bootstrap";
import Nav from "react-bootstrap/Nav";
const Layout = ({ children }) => {
  return (
    <>
      <Navbar bg="primary" variant="dark">
        <Navbar.Brand>
          <Nav.Link >Auth Demo</Nav.Link>
        </Navbar.Brand>
      </Navbar>
      <Container>{children}</Container>
    </>
  );
};

export default Layout;
  • (Line: 7-11) Rendered the React Bootstrap Navbar component.
  • (Line: 12) Using component 'children' property renders all other page components.
Render the 'Layout' component element in 'App.js' component.
src/App.js:
import logo from "./logo.svg";
import "./App.css";
import Layout from "./components/shared/Layout";

function App() {
  return (
    <>
      <Layout>Hi Welcome</Layout>
    </>
  );
}
export default App;

Install React Router Dom Package:

Let's install the react-router package.
npm i react-router-dom

In the 'index.js' wrap the 'App' component element by 'BrowserRouter' element. The 'BrowserRouter' element loads from the 'react-router-dom' package.
src/index.js: 
import React from "react";
import ReactDOM from "react-dom/client";
import "./index.css";
import App from "./App";
import "bootstrap/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css";
import { BrowserRouter } from "react-router-dom";

const root = ReactDOM.createRoot(document.getElementById("root"));
root.render(
  <BrowserRouter>
    <App />
  </BrowserRouter>
);

Create A React Component 'Home':

Let's create a React component like 'Home' in 'pages' folder(new folder). The 'Home' component is a guest page, so both authentication and non-authenticated users can access the page.
src/pages/Home.js:
import Card from "react-bootstrap/Card";
const Home = () => {
  return (
    <>
      <div
        className="d-flex justify-content-center align-items-center"
        style={{ minHeight: "500px", minWidth: "600px" }}
      >
        <Card>
          <Card.Body>
            <Card.Text className="text-center">
              <b>Welcome! A Demo On ReactJS Authentication with JWT Token</b>
            </Card.Text>
          </Card.Body>
        </Card>
      </div>
    </>
  );
};
export default Home;
Configure the 'Home' component route in 'App' component.
src/App.js:
import logo from "./logo.svg";
import "./App.css";
import Layout from "./components/shared/Layout";
import { Route, Routes } from "react-router-dom";
import Home from "./pages/Home";

function App() {
  return (
    <>
      <Layout>
        <Routes>
          <Route path="/" element={<Home />}></Route>
        </Routes>
      </Layout>
    </>
  );
}
export default App;
  • (Line: 12) The home page route is configured to the 'Home' component.

Create A React Component 'Login':

Let's create a React component 'Login' in 'pages' folder.
src/pages/Login.js:
import { useRef } from "react";
import { Col, Container, Row } from "react-bootstrap";
import Button from "react-bootstrap/Button";
import Form from "react-bootstrap/Form";
const Login = () => {
  const userName = useRef("");
  const password = useRef("");

  const loginSubmit = async () => {};
  return (
    <>
      <Container className="mt-2">
        <Row>
          <Col className="col-md-8 offset-md-2">
            <legend>Login Form</legend>
            <form>
              <Form.Group className="mb-3" controlId="formUserName">
                <Form.Label>User Name</Form.Label>
                <Form.Control type="text" ref={userName} />
              </Form.Group>
              <Form.Group className="mb-3" controlId="formPassword">
                <Form.Label>Password</Form.Label>
                <Form.Control type="password" ref={password} />
              </Form.Group>
              <Button variant="primary" type="button" onClick={loginSubmit}>
                Login
              </Button>
            </form>
          </Col>
        </Row>
      </Container>
    </>
  );
};
export default Login;
  • Here we added the React Bootstrap added the Login form.
Configure the 'Login' component route in 'App' component.
src/App.js:
import logo from "./logo.svg";
import "./App.css";
import Layout from "./components/shared/Layout";
import { Route, Routes } from "react-router-dom";
import Home from "./pages/Home";
import Login from "./pages/Login";

function App() {
  return (
    <>
      <Layout>
        <Routes>
          <Route path="/" element={<Home />}></Route>
          <Route path="/login" element={<Login />}></Route>
        </Routes>
      </Layout>
    </>
  );
}
export default App;
Now add the 'Login' route menu item in the 'Layout' component.
src/components/shared/Layout.js:
import Navbar from "react-bootstrap/Navbar";
import { Container } from "react-bootstrap";
import Nav from "react-bootstrap/Nav";
import { Link } from "react-router-dom";
const Layout = ({ children }) => {
  return (
    <>
      <Navbar bg="primary" variant="dark">
        <Navbar.Brand>
          <Nav.Link as={Link} to="/">
            Auth Demo
          </Nav.Link>
        </Navbar.Brand>
        <Navbar.Toggle aria-controls="responsive-navbar-nav" />
        <Navbar.Collapse id="responsive-navbar-nav">
          <Nav className="ms-auto">
            <Nav.Link as={Link} to="/login">
              Login
            </Nav.Link>
          </Nav>
        </Navbar.Collapse>
      </Navbar>
      <Container>{children}</Container>
    </>
  );
};
export default Layout;
  • (Line: 17-19) Configure our '/login' route.

JWT Authentication API:

A Mock JWT API was developed in 'NestJS' which is a NodeJS framework. Check for usage description in Github

Install JWT Decode Library:

For to decode the access token we need to install the JWT Decode library.
npm i jwt-decode

Install Axios Library:

To invoke API calls let's install the 'axios' library.
npm i axios

Use ReactJS Context API To Store Authentication Information:

Authentication information has to be available to the entire ReactJS application, so we have to store it in some kind of store. For this demo, I'm going to store the authentication information with the help of ReactJs Context API. Let's create a file like 'AuthContext.js' inside of the 'components/shared' folders.
src/components/shared/AuthContext.js:
import axios from "axios";
import { createContext, useState } from "react";
import jwt_decode from "jwt-decode";
import { useNavigate } from "react-router-dom";

const AuthContext = createContext();

export const AuthContextProvider = ({ children }) => {
  const [user, setUser] = useState(() => {
    if (localStorage.getItem("tokens")) {
      let tokens = JSON.parse(localStorage.getItem("tokens"));
      return jwt_decode(tokens.access_token);
    }
    return null;
  });

  const navigate = useNavigate();

  const login = async (payload) => {
    const apiResponse = await axios.post(
      "http://localhost:4000/auth/login",
      payload
    );
    localStorage.setItem("tokens",  JSON.stringify(apiResponse.data));
    setUser(jwt_decode(apiResponse.data.access_token));
    navigate("/");
  };
  return (
    <AuthContext.Provider value={{ user, login }}>
      {children}
    </AuthContext.Provider>
  );
};

export default AuthContext;
  • (Line: 6) The 'createContext' assigned to the 'AuthContex' variable. The 'createContex' loads from the 'react' library.
  • (Line: 8) Create our component for API context like 'AuthContextProvider'.
  • (Line: 9-15) Authenticated user information will be stored in the 'user' state variable. For the initial value, we are checking our browser local storage variable if a token exists then decrypt those values and then assign them to the 'user' variable.
  • (Line: 17) Initialized use navigation variable.
  • (Line: 19-27) Our login API call. Here are response tokens saving to browser local storage. Assigning the decrypted access token values to  'userVaraible' and then finally navigating to the home page.
  • (Line: 29-31) The 'AuthContext.Provider' element receives input like 'user' property and 'login' method. So these input values are now available to our entire ReactJS application.
Now in 'App' component use 'AuthContextProvider' element as the parent element so that the 'AuthContext' data can be accessed by any component in our application.
src/App.js:
import "./App.css";
import Layout from "./components/shared/Layout";
import { Route, Routes } from "react-router-dom";
import Home from "./pages/Home";
import Login from "./pages/Login";
import { AuthContextProvider } from "./components/shared/AuthContext";

function App() {
  return (
    <>
      <AuthContextProvider>
        <Layout>
          <Routes>
            <Route path="/" element={<Home />}></Route>
            <Route path="/login" element={<Login />}></Route>
          </Routes>
        </Layout>
      </AuthContextProvider>
    </>
  );
}

export default App;

Use 'AuthContext' In Login Component:

Let's use the 'AuthContext' in our 'Login' component so that we can invoke the 'login' method in 'AuthContextProvider' component.
src/pages/Login.js:
import { useContext, useRef } from "react";
import { Col, Container, Row } from "react-bootstrap";
import Button from "react-bootstrap/Button";
import Form from "react-bootstrap/Form";
import AuthContext from "../components/shared/AuthContext";
const Login = () => {
  const userName = useRef("");
  const password = useRef("");
  const {login}= useContext(AuthContext)

  const loginSubmit = async () => {
    let payload = {
      username: userName.current.value,
      password: password.current.value
    }
    await login(payload);
  };
  return (
    <>
      <Container className="mt-2">
        <Row>
          <Col className="col-md-8 offset-md-2">
            <legend>Login Form</legend>
            <form>
              <Form.Group className="mb-3" controlId="formUserName">
                <Form.Label>User Name</Form.Label>
                <Form.Control type="text" ref={userName} />
              </Form.Group>
              <Form.Group className="mb-3" controlId="formPassword">
                <Form.Label>Password</Form.Label>
                <Form.Control type="password" ref={password} />
              </Form.Group>
              <Button variant="primary" type="button" onClick={loginSubmit}>
                Login
              </Button>
            </form>
          </Col>
        </Row>
      </Container>
    </>
  );
};
export default Login;
  • (Line: 9) Using 'useContext' service we initialized the 'AuthContext' instance and reading the 'login' method reference.
  • (Line: 12-15) Preparing our login form payload.
  • (Line: 16) Invoking our Login API.

Display Menu Items Based On User Authentication:

Let's implement our logic to display menu items based on user authentication in 'Layout.js' component.
src/components/shared/Layout.js:
import Navbar from "react-bootstrap/Navbar";
import { Container } from "react-bootstrap";
import Nav from "react-bootstrap/Nav";
import { Link } from "react-router-dom";
import { useContext } from "react";
import AuthContext from "./AuthContext";
const Layout = ({ children }) => {
  const { user } = useContext(AuthContext);
  return (
    <>
      <Navbar bg="primary" variant="dark">
        <Navbar.Brand>
          <Nav.Link as={Link} to="/">
            Auth Demo
          </Nav.Link>
        </Navbar.Brand>
        <Navbar.Toggle aria-controls="responsive-navbar-nav" />
        <Navbar.Collapse id="responsive-navbar-nav">
          <Nav className="ms-auto">
            {!user && (
              <Nav.Link as={Link} to="/login">
                Login
              </Nav.Link>
            )}
            {user && <Nav.Link href="#">{user?.email}</Nav.Link>}
          </Nav>
        </Navbar.Collapse>
      </Navbar>
      <Container>{children}</Container>
    </>
  );
};
export default Layout;
  • (Line :8) Using 'useContext' initialized the 'AuthContext' and then reading the 'user' property.
  • (Line: 20-24) The 'user' variable empty means not authenticated then show 'Login' menu item
  • (Line: 25) The 'user' variable contains authenticated user information and then displays the user email.
(Step 1)

(Step 2):
(Step 3)

Create ReactJS Component 'FavouriteMovie':

Let's create a new ReactJS component like 'FavouriteMovie'.
src/pages/FavouriteMovie.js:
const FavouriteMovie = () => {
  return <></>;
};
export default FavouriteMovie;
Configure route for the 'FavouriteMovie' component in the 'App' component.
src/App.js:
import "./App.css";
import Layout from "./components/shared/Layout";
import { Route, Routes } from "react-router-dom";
import Home from "./pages/Home";
import Login from "./pages/Login";
import { AuthContextProvider } from "./components/shared/AuthContext";
import FavouriteMovie from "./pages/FavouriteMovie";

function App() {
  return (
    <>
      <AuthContextProvider>
        <Layout>
          <Routes>
            <Route path="/" element={<Home />}></Route>
            <Route path="/login" element={<Login />}></Route>
            <Route path="/fav-movies" element={<FavouriteMovie />}></Route>
          </Routes>
        </Layout>
      </AuthContextProvider>
    </>
  );
}
export default App;
Let's add the menu item for the 'FavouriteMovie' component in the 'Layout' component.
src/components/shared/Layout.js:
import Navbar from "react-bootstrap/Navbar";
import { Container } from "react-bootstrap";
import Nav from "react-bootstrap/Nav";
import { Link } from "react-router-dom";
import { useContext } from "react";
import AuthContext from "./AuthContext";
const Layout = ({ children }) => {
  const { user } = useContext(AuthContext);
  return (
    <>
      <Navbar bg="primary" variant="dark">
        <Navbar.Brand>
          <Nav.Link as={Link} to="/">
            Auth Demo
          </Nav.Link>
        </Navbar.Brand>
        <Navbar.Toggle aria-controls="responsive-navbar-nav" />
        <Navbar.Collapse id="responsive-navbar-nav">
          <Nav>
            {user && (
              <Nav.Link as={Link} to="/fav-movies">
                Favourite Movie
              </Nav.Link>
            )}
          </Nav>
          <Nav className="ms-auto">
            {!user && (
              <Nav.Link as={Link} to="/login">
                Login
              </Nav.Link>
            )}
            {user && <Nav.Link href="#">{user?.email}</Nav.Link>}
          </Nav>
        </Navbar.Collapse>
      </Navbar>
      <Container>{children}</Container>
    </>
  );
};
export default Layout;
  • (Line: 20-24) The 'FavouriteMovies' menu item only displays for authenticated users.

Interceptor To Configure Authorization Header For API Request:

Using Axios we can implement an interceptor to auto-configure the authorization header that uses the access token as a value for the request. So let's create a file like 'jwtInterceptor.js' in the 'components/shared/' folder.
src/components/shared/jwtInterceptor.js:
import axios from "axios";

const jwtInterceoptor = axios.create({});

jwtInterceoptor.interceptors.request.use((config) => {
  let tokensData = JSON.parse(localStorage.getItem("tokens"));
  config.headers.common["Authorization"] = `bearer ${tokensData.access_token}`;
  return config;
});
export default jwtInterceoptor;
  • (Line: 3) Creating an instance of 'Axios' and assigned to 'jwtInterceptor' variable.
  • (Line: 5) The 'jwtInterceptor.interceptor.request.use()' method gets executed on invoking any API call using 'jwtInterceptor' instance.
  • (Line: 6) Fetching access token and refresh token values from the browser local storage.
  • (Line: 7) Add the 'Authorization' header and its value like the 'bearer' space separated access token. value.

'FavouriteMovie' Component Consume Secured API Endpoint:

In the 'FavourieMovie' component let's try to consume the secured API Endpoint. So to consume the secured API we have to pass our access token as an Authorization header value. 
src/pages/FavouriteMovie.js:
import { useState, useEffect } from "react";
import Card from "react-bootstrap/Card";
import Col from "react-bootstrap/Col";
import Row from "react-bootstrap/Row";
import jwtInterceptor from "../components/shared/jwtInterceptor";
const FavouriteMovie = () => {
  const [movies, setMovies] = useState([]);

  useEffect(() => {
    jwtInterceptor
      .get("http://localhost:4000/user/fav-movies")
      .then((response) => {
        setMovies(response.data);
      });
  }, []);
  return (
    <>
      <Row xs={1} md={2} className="g-4">
        {movies.map((movie) => (
          <Col key={movie.id}>
            <Card>
              <Card.Body>
                <Card.Title>{movie.name}</Card.Title>
                <Card.Text>Genre: {movie.genre}</Card.Text>
              </Card.Body>
            </Card>
          </Col>
        ))}
      </Row>
    </>
  );
};

export default FavouriteMovie;
  • (Line: 7) The 'movies' is our state variable that holds the response of our secured API.
  • (Line: 9-15) Invoking our secured API. Here we use 'jwtInterceptor' which automatically adds an authorization header with an access token as its value.
  • (Line: 29-30) Binding our API response data.
(Step 1)

(Step 2)

Refresh Token:

The 'Access Token' is a short-lived token, when it expired we renew it using the 'RefreshToken'.

Let's extend our interceptor to invoke the refresh token endpoint automatically whenever the access token expires.
src/component/shared/jwtInterceptor.js:
import axios from "axios";

const jwtInterceoptor = axios.create({});

jwtInterceoptor.interceptors.request.use((config) => {
  let tokensData = JSON.parse(localStorage.getItem("tokens"));
  config.headers.common["Authorization"] = `bearer ${tokensData.access_token}`;
  return config;
});

jwtInterceoptor.interceptors.response.use(
  (response) => {
    return response;
  },
  async (error) => {
    if (error.response.status === 401) {
      const authData = JSON.parse(localStorage.getItem("tokens"));
      const payload = {
        access_token: authData.access_token,
        refresh_token: authData.refreshToken,
      };

      let apiResponse = await axios.post(
        "http://localhost:4000/auth/refreshtoken",
        payload
      );
      localStorage.setItem("tokens", JSON.stringify(apiResponse.data));
      error.config.headers[
        "Authorization"
      ] = `bearer ${apiResponse.data.access_token}`;
      return axios(error.config);
    } else {
      return Promise.reject(error);
    }
  }
);
export default jwtInterceoptor;
  • (Line: 11) The 'jwtInterceptor.interceptors.response.use()' executes on receiving the API response.
  • (Line: 12-14) If API returns a successful response then normal flow continues to execute
  • (Line: 15-35) If API fails then this method gets executed.
  • (Line: 16) Checking API fails due to an unauthorized exception(status code 401). So this unauthorized error when our access token expires or is invalid.
  • (Line: 17) Fetching our access token and refresh token from the browser's local storage.
  • (Line: 18-21) Preparing a payload for refresh token API
  • (Line: 23-26) Invoking the refresh token API.
  • (Line: 27) Updating the access token and refresh token values in browser local storage.
  • (Line: 28-30) Adding our new access token value as an authorization header
  • (Line: 31) Invoking the actual API call which is failed due to the expiration of the access token

Implement Protected Routes:

Now either authenticated users or non-authenticated users can access any route in our application. So we have to protect our routes like authenticated users can't access pages like 'login', similarly, non-authenticated users can't access the 'fav-movies' page.

Let's create a react component like 'ProtectedRoute' in the 'components/shared' folders.
src/component/shared/ProtectedRoute.js:
import { useContext } from "react";
import { Navigate } from "react-router-dom";

import AuthContext from "./AuthContext";

const ProtectedRoute = ({ children, accessBy }) => {
  const { user } = useContext(AuthContext);

  if (accessBy == "non-authenticated") {
    if (!user) {
      return children;
    }
  } else if (accessBy === "authenticated") {
    if (user) {
      return children;
    }
  }

  return <Navigate to="/"></Navigate>;
};

export default ProtectedRoute;
  • (Line: 6)The 'ProtectedRoute' component destructured props like 'children'(actual component to render for route), 'accessBy'(a custom configuration whether the route can be accessed by either authenticated or non-authenticated user).
  • (Line: 7) Fetching the 'user' information form the 'AuthContext'.
  • (Line: 9-12) If the 'accessBy' value is 'non-authenticated' and the user is not logged into our application then the user can access the page of the route.
  • (Line: 13-17) If the 'accessBy' value is 'authenticated' and the user is logged into our application then the user can access the page of the route.
  • (Line: 19) By default home page can be accessed by any kind of user we are redirected to the home page using the 'Navigate' component by specifying the route to redirect.
Now wrap our 'ProtectedRoute' component around the actual page components specified to the 'element' attribute of 'Route' in 'App' component.
src/App.js:
import "./App.css";
import Layout from "./components/shared/Layout";
import { Route, Routes } from "react-router-dom";
import Home from "./pages/Home";
import Login from "./pages/Login";
import { AuthContextProvider } from "./components/shared/AuthContext";
import FavouriteMovie from "./pages/FavouriteMovie";
import ProtectedRoute from "./components/shared/ProtectedRoute";

function App() {
  return (
    <>
      <AuthContextProvider>
        <Layout>
          <Routes>
            <Route path="/" element={<Home />}></Route>

            <Route
              path="/login"
              element={
                <ProtectedRoute accessBy="non-authenticated">
                  <Login />
                </ProtectedRoute>
              }
            ></Route>
            <Route
              path="/fav-movies"
              element={
                <ProtectedRoute accessBy="">
                  <FavouriteMovie />
                </ProtectedRoute>
              }
            ></Route>
          </Routes>
        </Layout>
      </AuthContextProvider>
    </>
  );
}
export default App;

Implement Logout:

Let's implement our logout logic in the 'AuthContextProvider' component.
src/components/shared/AuthContext.js:
import axios from "axios";
import { createContext, useState } from "react";
import jwt_decode from "jwt-decode";
import { useNavigate } from "react-router-dom";

const AuthContext = createContext();

export const AuthContextProvider = ({ children }) => {
  const [user, setUser] = useState(() => {
    if (localStorage.getItem("tokens")) {
      let tokens = JSON.parse(localStorage.getItem("tokens"));
      return jwt_decode(tokens.access_token);
    }
    return null;
  });

  const navigate = useNavigate();

  const login = async (payload) => {
    const apiResponse = await axios.post(
      "http://localhost:4000/auth/login",
      payload
    );
    localStorage.setItem("tokens", JSON.stringify(apiResponse.data));
    setUser(jwt_decode(apiResponse.data.access_token));
    navigate("/");
  };
  const logout = async () => {
    // invoke the logout API call, for our NestJS API no logout API

    localStorage.removeItem("tokens");
    setUser(null);
    navigate("/");
  };
  return (
    <AuthContext.Provider value={{ user, login, logout }}>
      {children}
    </AuthContext.Provider>
  );
};

export default AuthContext;
  • (Line: 28-34) For logout, we have to remove our token data from the browser's local storage and we have to reset our 'user' variable to 'null'
  • (Line: 36) The 'logout' method exposing from our 'AuthContext.Provider'.
Now in the 'Layout' component add our 'Logout' button as a menu item.
src/components/shared/Layout.js:
import Navbar from "react-bootstrap/Navbar";
import { Container, Button } from "react-bootstrap";
import Nav from "react-bootstrap/Nav";
import { Link } from "react-router-dom";
import { useContext } from "react";
import AuthContext from "./AuthContext";
const Layout = ({ children }) => {
  const { user, logout } = useContext(AuthContext);
  return (
    <>
      <Navbar bg="primary" variant="dark">
        <Navbar.Brand>
          <Nav.Link as={Link} to="/">
            Auth Demo
          </Nav.Link>
        </Navbar.Brand>
        <Navbar.Toggle aria-controls="responsive-navbar-nav" />
        <Navbar.Collapse id="responsive-navbar-nav">
          <Nav>
            {user && (
              <Nav.Link as={Link} to="/fav-movies">
                Favourite Movie
              </Nav.Link>
            )}
          </Nav>
          <Nav className="ms-auto">
            {!user && (
              <Nav.Link as={Link} to="/login">
                Login
              </Nav.Link>
            )}
            {user && <Nav.Link href="#">{user?.email}</Nav.Link>}
          </Nav>
          {user && (
            <Button
              variant="outline-success"
              type="button"
              onClick={() => {
                logout();
              }}
            >
              Logout
            </Button>
          )}
        </Navbar.Collapse>
      </Navbar>
      <Container>{children}</Container>
    </>
  );
};

export default Layout;
  • (Line: 8) Read the 'logout' method from the 'AuthContext'.
  • (Line: 34-44) Add the 'Logout' button and its click invokes our 'logout' method.

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Angular 14 Reactive Forms Example

In this article, we will explore the Angular(14) reactive forms with an example. Reactive Forms: Angular reactive forms support model-driven techniques to handle the form's input values. The reactive forms state is immutable, any form filed change creates a new state for the form. Reactive forms are built around observable streams, where form inputs and values are provided as streams of input values, which can be accessed synchronously. Some key notations that involve in reactive forms are like: FormControl - each input element in the form is 'FormControl'. The 'FormControl' tracks the value and validation status of form fields. FormGroup - Track the value and validate the state of the group of 'FormControl'. FormBuilder - Angular service which can be used to create the 'FormGroup' or FormControl instance quickly. Form Array - That can hold infinite form control, this helps to create dynamic forms. Create An Angular(14) Application: Let'
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.NET 7 Web API CRUD Using Entity Framework Core

In this article, we are going to implement a sample .NET 7 Web API CRUD using the Entity Framework Core. Web API: Web API is a framework for building HTTP services that can be accessed from any client like browser, mobile devices, and desktop apps. In simple terminology API(Application Programming Interface) means an interface module that contains programming functions that can be requested via HTTP calls either to fetch or update data for their respective clients. Some of the Key Characteristics of API: Supports HTTP verbs like 'GET', 'POST', 'PUT', 'DELETE', etc. Supports default responses like 'XML' and 'JSON'. Also can define custom responses. Supports self-hosting or individual hosting, so that all different kinds of apps can consume it. Authentication and Authorization are easy to implement. The ideal platform to build the REST full services. Install The SQL Server And SQL Management Studio: Let's install the SQL server on our l
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.NET6 Web API CRUD Operation With Entity Framework Core

In this article, we are going to do a small demo on AspNetCore 6 Web API CRUD operations. What Is Web API: Web API is a framework for building HTTP services that can be accessed from any client like browser, mobile devices, desktop apps. In simple terminology API(Application Programming Interface) means an interface module that contains a programming function that can be requested via HTTP calls to save or fetch the data for their respective clients. Some of the key characteristics of API: Supports HTTP verbs like 'GET', 'POST', 'PUT', 'DELETE', etc. Supports default responses like 'XML' and 'JSON'. Also can define custom responses. Supports self-hosting or individual hosting, so that all different kinds of apps can consume it. Authentication and Authorization are easy to implement. The ideal platform to build REST full services. Create A .NET6 Web API Application: Let's create a .Net6 Web API sample application to accomplish our
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ReactJS(v18) JWT Authentication Using HTTP Only Cookie

In this article, we will implement the ReactJS application authentication using the HTTP-only cookie. HTTP Only Cookie: In a SPA(Single Page Application) Authentication JWT token either can be stored in browser 'LocalStorage' or in 'Cookie'. Storing the JWT token inside of the cookie then the cookie should be HTTP Only. The HTTP-ONly cookie nature is that it will be only accessible by the server application. Client apps like javascript-based apps can't access the HTTP-Only cookie. So if we use the authentication with HTTP-only JWT cookie then we no need to implement the custom logic like adding authorization header or storing token data, etc at our client application. Because once the user authenticated cookie will be automatically sent to the server by the browser on every API call. Authentication API: To authenticate our client application with JWT HTTP-only cookie, I developed a NetJS(which is a node) Mock API. Check the GitHub link and read the document on G
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Angular 14 State Management CRUD Example With NgRx(14)

In this article, we are going to implement the Angular(14) state management CRUD example with NgRx(14) NgRx Store For State Management: In an angular application to share consistent data between multiple components, we use NgRx state management. Using NgRx state helps to avoid unwanted API calls, easy to maintain consistent data, etc. The main building blocks for the NgRx store are: Actions - NgRx actions represents event to trigger the reducers to save the data into the stores. Reducer - Reducer's pure function, which is used to create a new state on data change. Store - The store is the model or entity that holds the data. Selector - Selector to fetch the slices of data from the store to angular components. Effects - Effects deals with external network calls like API. The effect gets executed based the action performed Ngrx State Management flow: The angular component needs data for binding.  So angular component calls an action that is responsible for invoking the API call.  Aft
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Unit Testing Asp.NetCore Web API Using xUnit[.NET6]

In this article, we are going to write test cases to an Asp.NetCore Web API(.NET6) application using the xUnit. xUnit For .NET: The xUnit for .Net is a free, open-source, community-focused unit testing tool for .NET applications. By default .Net also provides a xUnit project template to implement test cases. Unit test cases build upon the 'AAA' formula that means 'Arrange', 'Act' and 'Assert' Arrange - Declaring variables, objects, instantiating mocks, etc. Act - Calling or invoking the method that needs to be tested. Assert - The assert ensures that code behaves as expected means yielding expected output. Create An API And Unit Test Projects: Let's create a .Net6 Web API and xUnit sample applications to accomplish our demo. We can use either Visual Studio 2022 or Visual Studio Code(using .NET CLI commands) to create any.Net6 application. For this demo, I'm using the 'Visual Studio Code'(using the .NET CLI command) editor. Create a fo
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Part-1 Angular JWT Authentication Using HTTP Only Cookie[Angular V13]

In this article, we are going to implement a sample angular application authentication using HTTP only cookie that contains a JWT token. HTTP Only JWT Cookie: In a SPA(Single Page Application) Authentication JWT token either can be stored in browser 'LocalStorage' or in 'Cookie'. Storing JWT token inside of the cookie then the cookie should be HTTP Only. The HTTP-Only cookie nature is that it will be only accessible by the server application. Client apps like javascript-based apps can't access the HTTP-Only cookie. So if we use authentication with HTTP only JWT cookie then we no need to implement custom logic like adding authorization header or storing token data, etc at our client application. Because once the user authenticated cookie will be automatically sent to the server by the browser on every API call. Authentication API: To implement JWT cookie authentication we need to set up an API. For that, I had created a mock authentication API(Using the NestJS Se
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Angular 14 Crud Example

In this article, we will implement CRUD operation in the Angular 14 application. Angular: Angular is a framework that can be used to build a single-page application. Angular applications are built with components that make our code simple and clean. Angular components compose of 3 files like TypeScript File(*.ts), Html File(*.html), CSS File(*.cs) Components typescript file and HTML file support 2-way binding which means data flow is bi-directional Component typescript file listens for all HTML events from the HTML file. Create Angular(14) Application: Let's create an Angular(14) application to begin our sample. Make sure to install the Angular CLI tool into our local machine because it provides easy CLI commands to play with the angular application. Command To Install Angular CLI npm install -g @angular/cli Run the below command to create the angular application. Command To Create Angular Application ng new name_of_your_app Note: While creating the app, you will see a noti
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A Small Guide On NestJS Queues

NestJS Application Queues helps to deal with application scaling and performance challenges. When To Use Queues?: API request that mostly involves in time taking operations like CPU bound operation, doing them synchronously which will result in thread blocking. So to avoid these issues, it is an appropriate way to make the CPU-bound operation separate background job.  In nestjs one of the best solutions for these kinds of tasks is to implement the Queues. For queueing mechanism in the nestjs application most recommended library is '@nestjs/bull'(Bull is nodejs queue library). The 'Bull' depends on Redis cache for data storage like a job. So in this queueing technique, we will create services like 'Producer' and 'Consumer'. The 'Producer' is used to push our jobs into the Redis stores. The consumer will read those jobs(eg: CPU Bound Operations) and process them. So by using this queues technique user requests processed very fastly because actually
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