Skip to main content

A Demo To Consume Azure Cosmos DB By .Net6 Web API

In this article, we will implement a .NET6 Web API that consumes the Azure Cosmos DB.

Azure CosmosDB:

Azure Cosmos DB is a fully managed NoSQL database. NoSQL says data will be stored as a key/value JSON document. Cosmos DB provides 'High Availability' and 'Low Latency' for any application. Cosmos DB is very quick in response delivering, auto-scaling, effective auto failure management, etc.

Any existing application that works on different DBs can be easily migrated to Azure CosmosDB as it provides APIs for integration like 'SQL/Core API'(most recommended API, our demo uses this 'SQL/Core API'), 'MongoDB API', 'Cassandra API', 'Germlin API', 'Table API'.

Let's understand the structure of the Cosmos DB:
  • Create an Azure Cosmos Account with an appropriate subscription inside of the Azure portal.
  • After creating the Cosmos Account, we can manage the data of our account by creating 'Database', 'Containers', and items.
  • Azure Cosmos 'Containers' means a 'Collection' or 'Table' or 'Collection' based on our APIs like 'SQL/Core API', 'MongoDB API', 'Cassandra API', etc.
  • Container contains 'Items', 'Stored Procedure', 'user-defined functions', 'triggers', etc.
  • Items inside of the Container depend on its type which means if a container is 'Table' then items will be 'Rows', if a container is 'Collection' then items will be documents, etc.
Note: Cosmos DB means NoSQL stores data as key/value. But above we discussed 'Container' that can be 'Collection', 'Table', 'Graph', etc is a representation for querying the Cosmos DB by all supported APIs.

Partition Key: -  
  • Azure Cosmos DB uses partitioning to scale individual containers in a database to meet the performance needs of our application. 
  • While partitioning, the item in a container is divided into logical partitions. 
  • Logical partitions are formed based on the value of the partition key that is associated with each item in a container.
  •  All the items in the logical partition have the same partition key value.
  • For example, the 'country' property is made as to the partition key, then items with a country name like 'India' are stored in one logical partition, and items with a country name like 'Italy' store in one logical partition, and so on.
  • So it is always advisable to use the most common and unchangeable 'property' as a partition key to get more performance and to manage the Price to spend on CosmosDB consumption.
  • If your items contain no proper property to use as a 'partition' key then we can use the 'Id' property.

Why Use Azure CosmosDB?:

  • High Availability
  • Low Latency
  • Effect cost management pays the service on use only
  • NoSQL Database
  • Easy migration from any backend to Azure Database.
  • Auto Scale Up
  • Auto Maintenance
  • Effective Global Distribution

Create Azure CosmosDB:

Step1:
Signup with the azure portal and then log in to the Azure portal and navigate to the home page (https://portal.azure.com/#home). Then select 'Create A Resource'.

Step 2:
In the 'Create A Resource' page select 'Azure Cosmos DB'.

Step3:
In 'Select API option' page choose 'Core(SQL) - Recomended'

Step 4:
In 'Create Azure Cosmos DB Account - Core(SQL)', inside of the 'Basic' tab, enter the 'Project Details
(a) Select your subscription
(b) Create a new resource group. The resource Group acts as a container or folder to our Cosmos DB.
(c) Give Account Name, based on your account name domain will be created so make sure to give a proper name.
(d) Location, select your nearest location for azure hosting, you can leave the default as a quick start.
(e) Capacity mode can choose default.
(f) App Free Tier Discount, is a very wise choice to choose by learners.
(g) Limit total account throughput can choose the default
Step 5:
Remaining tabs like 'Global Distribution', 'Networking', 'Backup Policy', 'Encryption', 'Tags' can use default values. So click on 'Review + create' button directly.

Step6:
Finally, click on the 'Create' button to create an Azure Cosmos DB Account.

Step 7:
Click on the 'Go to resource' button.

Step 8:
(a) In the Azure Cosmos DB account, in left-hand side menu select 'Data Explorer'.
(b) Click on 'New Container'.
(c) In the container form let's give details
(d) Choose 'Create New'(for creating a new database in Azure Cosmos DB Account). Then specify the name of the database(database id). I will name my database as 'Vehicles'.
(e) The 'Share throughput across containers' choose default.
(f) The 'Database throughput' chooses to default i.e 'Auto Scale'.
(g) The 'Database Max RU/s' level default value. The 'Request Unit/second' calculates price.
(h) Specify the container id. For our demo let's define 'Car'. The container is like a 'Table'.
(i) The 'indexing' choose 'Auto'.
(j) The 'Partition key' value is one of the names of property of the documents we store. To this demo, my JSON document contains properties like 'id', 'make', and 'model'. I will use 'make' as my partition key for my demo.
(k) Finally click on the 'Ok' button. Then we can observe a Database like 'Vehicles', container like 'Car' get created. (Note: These database names, and container name will be used by our .NET6 API)
Step 9:
Select our 'Vehicle' database then select our container 'Car', then select 'Items' then Cosmos DB window editor shows up. Then click on 'New Item', then add the sample item(document) we want to store, and then click on 'Save'.

Step 10:
Edit Filter drop-down to write SQL queries to fetch our items(document)

Step 11:
Now go to 'Key' left-hand side menu and copy the 'URL' and 'Primary Key' value we are going to use in our .NET6 API.

Create A .NET6 Web API:

Let's create a .Net6 Web API sample application to accomplish our demo. We can use either Visual Studio 2022 or Visual Studio Code(using .NET CLI commands) to create any.Net6 application. For this demo, I'm using the 'Visual Studio Code'(using the .NET CLI command) editor.
CLI command
dotnet new webapi -o Your_Project_Name

Install Required Packages:

Let's install the Azure Cosmos NuGet package.
Package Manager Command:
Install-Package Microsoft.Azure.Cosmos -Version 3.27.0

.NET CLI Command:
dotnet add package Microsoft.Azure.Cosmos --version 3.27.0

Azure Configuration Settings:

Let's configure the Azure Cosmos DB settings into our 'appsettings.Development.json' file.
appsettings.Development.json:
"AzureCosmosDbSettings": {
  "URL": "fdsfsfdsfdsf.com",
  "PrimaryKey": "fsfsd",
  "DatabaseName": "Vehicles",
  "ContainerName": "Car"
}

Create A Service To Setup Cosmos DB Container:

We have to create the instance of the Cosmos DB container in our application to fetch the data. So let's create a service file and its interface files like 'CarCosmosService.cs', 'ICarCosmosService.cs'.

Services/ICarCosmosService.cs:
namespace Dot6.API.CosmosDB.Demo.Services;

public interface ICarCosmosService
{

}
Services/CarCosmosService.cs:
using Microsoft.Azure.Cosmos;

namespace Dot6.API.CosmosDB.Demo.Services;
public class CarCosmosService : ICarCosmosService
{
    private readonly Container _container;
    public CarCosmosService(CosmosClient cosmosClient,
    string databaseName,
    string containerName)
    {
        _container = cosmosClient.GetContainer(databaseName, containerName);
    }
}
  • (Line: 6) Declared the '_container' variable of type 'Microsfot.Azure.Cosmos'.
  • (Line: 7-12) Using the 'Microsoft.Azure.Cosmos.CosmosClient' generates the instance of the container.
Now let's register our 'ICarCosmosService' and 'CarCosmosService' into the 'Program.cs'.
Program.cs:
builder.Services.AddSingleton<ICarCosmosService>(options =>
{
    string url = builder.Configuration.GetSection("AzureCosmosDbSettings")
    .GetValue<string>("URL");
    string primaryKey = builder.Configuration.GetSection("AzureCosmosDbSettings")
    .GetValue<string>("PrimaryKey");
    string dbName = builder.Configuration.GetSection("AzureCosmosDbSettings")
    .GetValue<string>("DatabaseName");
    string containerName = builder.Configuration.GetSection("AzureCosmosDbSettings")
    .GetValue<string>("ContainerName");
	
    var cosmosClient = new CosmosClient(
        url,
        primaryKey
    );
	
    return new CarCosmosService(cosmosClient, dbName, containerName);
});
  • (Line: 1) Register the 'ICarCosmosService' as a single-ton service.
  • (Line: 3-10) Fetch the 'AzureCosmosDbSettings' from the 'appsettings.Development.json'.
  • (Line: 12-15) Initialize the 'CosmosClient' instance where Azure URL and primary key passed as input parameters.
  • (Line: 17) Return the 'CarCosmosService' instance.

Create A CarController:

Let's create a sample API controller like 'CarController'.
Controllers/CarController.cs:
using Dot6.API.CosmosDB.Demo.Services;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
namespace Dot6.API.CosmosDB.Demo.Controllers;

[ApiController]
[Route("[controller]")]
public class CarController: ControllerBase
{
    public readonly ICarCosmosService _carCosmosService;
    public CarController(ICarCosmosService carCosmosService)
    {
        _carCosmosService = carCosmosService;
    }
}

Create Type To Cosmos DB Item:

Now we have to create a Type or Entity or Class for our Cosmos DB item. So let's create a model like 'Car.cs'.
Models/Car.cs:
using Newtonsoft.Json;

namespace Dot6.API.CosmosDB.Demo.Models;

public class Car
{
    [JsonProperty("id")]
    public string Id { get; set; }
    [JsonProperty("make")]
    public string Make { get; set; }
    [JsonProperty("model")]
    public string Model { get; set; }
}
  • Since Cosmos DB stores the JSON data whose properties casing will be different so to map them with our C# class type we use the 'JsonPropertyName' attribute.

Read Operation:

Let's implement the read operation by creating an HTTP Get endpoint where it fetches all data from the Cosmos DB.

Let's create an abstract method for getting data from the Cosmos DB in 'ICarCosmosService'.
Services/ICarCosmosService.cs:
Task<List<Car>> Get(string sqlCosmosQuery);
Now let's implement the logic to fetch the data from Cosmos DB in 'CarCosmosService'.
Services/CarCosmosService.cs:
public async Task<List<Car>> Get(string sqlCosmosQuery)
{
	var query = _container.GetItemQueryIterator<Car>(new QueryDefinition(sqlCosmosQuery));

	List<Car> result = new List<Car>();
	while (query.HasMoreResults)
	{
		var response = await query.ReadNextAsync();
		result.AddRange(response);
	}

	return result;
}
  • (Line: 3) The '_container.GetItemQueryIterarot<Car>()' method fetches data base on the query that we initialized with the 'QueryDefinition'. 
  • (Line: 6-10) Initially, it won't fetch data directly, first, it gets a flag where data exist or not. Then it fetches the data by calling the 'ReadNextAsync()' method. So from this, we can understand the 'GetItemQueryIterator' triest to fetch the data as a stream.
Now let's add our HTTP Get endpoint into our 'CarController'.
Controllers/CarController.cs:
[HttpGet]
public async Task<IActionResult> Get()
{
	var sqlCosmosQuery = "Select * from c";
	var result = await _carCosmosService.Get(sqlCosmosQuery);
	return Ok(result);
}
  • The 'HttpGet' attribute defines our action method gets executed only for HTTP Get request
  • Here no route is defined at the action method level because we have only one HTTP Get action method. If we have more than one HTTP Get action method then we have to define our route explicitly
  • (Line: 4) Simple SQL query for fetching all records. Here 'c' represents our 'Car' container at the Azure Cosmos DB, so it can be any character or string we can give.
  • (Line: 5-6) Fetching data from the Cosmos DB. The 'Ok()' method returns a response with a success of status 200.
Step 1:

Step2:
Step 3:

Create Operation:

Let's implement create operation by creating an HTTP Post endpoint where it adds a new item into the Azure Cosmos DB

Let's add an 'AddAsync()' abstract method into the 'ICarCosmosService'.
Services/ICarCosmosService:
Task<Car> AddAsync(Car newCar);
Let's implement the 'AddAsync()' method into the 'CarCosmosService'.
Services/CarCosmosService:
public async Task<Car> AddAsync(Car newCar)
{
   var item = await _container.CreateItemAsync<Car>(newCar, new PartitionKey(newCar.Make));
   return item;
}
  • Here 'CreateItemAsync()' method adds the new item into the container of the Cosmos DB. Here we can specify the partition key explicitly so it helps to save the data more quickly
Now add the HTTP Post endpoint into the 'CarController'.
Controllers/CarController.cs:
[HttpPost]
public async Task<IActionResult> Post(Car newCar)
{
	newCar.Id = Guid.NewGuid().ToString();
	var result = await _carCosmosService.AddAsync(newCar);
	return Ok(result);
}
  • (Line: 1) The 'HttpPost' attribute defines our action method invokes only for the HTTP Post request.
  • (Line: 2) Our action method 'Post' has payload parameter 'newcar' of type 'Car'.
  • (Line: 4) Generating 'Id' value for the new item.
  • (Line: 5) Invoking Cosmos DB call to save the new item to the container.
Step1:

Step2:

Step3:

Update Operation:

Let's implement the update operation by creating an HTTP Put endpoint where it updates items in the Azure Cosmos DB.

Let's add a 'Update()' abstract method in 'ICarCosmosService'.
Services/ICarCosmosService:
Task<Car> Update(Car carToUpdate);
Let's implement the 'Update()' in the 'CarCosmosService'.
Services/CarCosmosService:
public async Task<Car> Update(Car carToUpdate)
{
  var item = await _container.UpsertItemAsync<Car>(carToUpdate, new PartitionKey(carToUpdate.Make));
  return item;
}
  • Here 'UpsertItemAsync()' method helps to update the item in the Cosmos DB container.
Now add HTTP Put endpoint into our 'CarController'.
Controllers/CarController.cs:
[HttpPut]
public async Task<IActionResult> Put(Car carToUpdate)
{
  var result = await _carCosmosService.Update(carToUpdate);
  return Ok(result);
}
  • (Line: 1) The 'HttpPut' attribute defines our action method invokes for the HTTP Put request.
  • (Line: 2) Our action method has payload 'carToUpdate' of type 'Car'.
  • (Line: 4) Invoking the Cosmos DB to update the item.
Step 1:

Step 2:

Step 3:

Step 4:

Delete Operation:

Let's implement the delete operation by creating an HTTP Delete endpoint that deletes items from the Cosmos DB.

Let add 'Delete()' abstract method into the 'ICarCosmosService'.
Services/ICarCosmosService:
Task Delete(string id, string make);
Lets implement the 'Delete()' method into the 'CarCosmosService'.
Services/CarCosmosService:
public async Task Delete(string id, string make)
{
  await _container.DeleteItemAsync<Car>(id, new PartitionKey(make));
}
Now add the HTTP Delete endpoint in 'CarController.cs'.
Controllers/CarController.cs:
[HttpDelete]
public async Task<IActionResult> Delete(string id, string make)
{
	await _carCosmosService.Delete(id, make);
	return Ok();
}
  • (Line: 1) The 'HttpDelete' attribute is defined on the action method which means only HTTP Delete requests can invoke our endpoint.
  • (Line: 2) Action method contains 2 query parameter like  'id', 'make'. The make value is for to send as partition key value.
  • (Line: 4) Invoking the Cosmos DB to delete the item.
Step1:

Step 2:

Support Me!
Buy Me A Coffee PayPal Me

Video Session:

Wrapping Up:

Hopefully, I think this article delivered some useful demo on  .NET6 API  CRUD Operation Using Azure Cosmos DB. using I love to have your feedback, suggestions, and better techniques in the comment section below.

Refer:

Follow Me:

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Angular 14 Reactive Forms Example

In this article, we will explore the Angular(14) reactive forms with an example. Reactive Forms: Angular reactive forms support model-driven techniques to handle the form's input values. The reactive forms state is immutable, any form filed change creates a new state for the form. Reactive forms are built around observable streams, where form inputs and values are provided as streams of input values, which can be accessed synchronously. Some key notations that involve in reactive forms are like: FormControl - each input element in the form is 'FormControl'. The 'FormControl' tracks the value and validation status of form fields. FormGroup - Track the value and validate the state of the group of 'FormControl'. FormBuilder - Angular service which can be used to create the 'FormGroup' or FormControl instance quickly. Form Array - That can hold infinite form control, this helps to create dynamic forms. Create An Angular(14) Application: Let'

.NET 7 Web API CRUD Using Entity Framework Core

In this article, we are going to implement a sample .NET 7 Web API CRUD using the Entity Framework Core. Web API: Web API is a framework for building HTTP services that can be accessed from any client like browser, mobile devices, and desktop apps. In simple terminology API(Application Programming Interface) means an interface module that contains programming functions that can be requested via HTTP calls either to fetch or update data for their respective clients. Some of the Key Characteristics of API: Supports HTTP verbs like 'GET', 'POST', 'PUT', 'DELETE', etc. Supports default responses like 'XML' and 'JSON'. Also can define custom responses. Supports self-hosting or individual hosting, so that all different kinds of apps can consume it. Authentication and Authorization are easy to implement. The ideal platform to build the REST full services. Install The SQL Server And SQL Management Studio: Let's install the SQL server on our l

ReactJS(v18) JWT Authentication Using HTTP Only Cookie

In this article, we will implement the ReactJS application authentication using the HTTP-only cookie. HTTP Only Cookie: In a SPA(Single Page Application) Authentication JWT token either can be stored in browser 'LocalStorage' or in 'Cookie'. Storing the JWT token inside of the cookie then the cookie should be HTTP Only. The HTTP-ONly cookie nature is that it will be only accessible by the server application. Client apps like javascript-based apps can't access the HTTP-Only cookie. So if we use the authentication with HTTP-only JWT cookie then we no need to implement the custom logic like adding authorization header or storing token data, etc at our client application. Because once the user authenticated cookie will be automatically sent to the server by the browser on every API call. Authentication API: To authenticate our client application with JWT HTTP-only cookie, I developed a NetJS(which is a node) Mock API. Check the GitHub link and read the document on G

.NET6 Web API CRUD Operation With Entity Framework Core

In this article, we are going to do a small demo on AspNetCore 6 Web API CRUD operations. What Is Web API: Web API is a framework for building HTTP services that can be accessed from any client like browser, mobile devices, desktop apps. In simple terminology API(Application Programming Interface) means an interface module that contains a programming function that can be requested via HTTP calls to save or fetch the data for their respective clients. Some of the key characteristics of API: Supports HTTP verbs like 'GET', 'POST', 'PUT', 'DELETE', etc. Supports default responses like 'XML' and 'JSON'. Also can define custom responses. Supports self-hosting or individual hosting, so that all different kinds of apps can consume it. Authentication and Authorization are easy to implement. The ideal platform to build REST full services. Create A .NET6 Web API Application: Let's create a .Net6 Web API sample application to accomplish our

Angular 14 State Management CRUD Example With NgRx(14)

In this article, we are going to implement the Angular(14) state management CRUD example with NgRx(14) NgRx Store For State Management: In an angular application to share consistent data between multiple components, we use NgRx state management. Using NgRx state helps to avoid unwanted API calls, easy to maintain consistent data, etc. The main building blocks for the NgRx store are: Actions - NgRx actions represents event to trigger the reducers to save the data into the stores. Reducer - Reducer's pure function, which is used to create a new state on data change. Store - The store is the model or entity that holds the data. Selector - Selector to fetch the slices of data from the store to angular components. Effects - Effects deals with external network calls like API. The effect gets executed based the action performed Ngrx State Management flow: The angular component needs data for binding.  So angular component calls an action that is responsible for invoking the API call.  Aft

Angular 14 Crud Example

In this article, we will implement CRUD operation in the Angular 14 application. Angular: Angular is a framework that can be used to build a single-page application. Angular applications are built with components that make our code simple and clean. Angular components compose of 3 files like TypeScript File(*.ts), Html File(*.html), CSS File(*.cs) Components typescript file and HTML file support 2-way binding which means data flow is bi-directional Component typescript file listens for all HTML events from the HTML file. Create Angular(14) Application: Let's create an Angular(14) application to begin our sample. Make sure to install the Angular CLI tool into our local machine because it provides easy CLI commands to play with the angular application. Command To Install Angular CLI npm install -g @angular/cli Run the below command to create the angular application. Command To Create Angular Application ng new name_of_your_app Note: While creating the app, you will see a noti

Unit Testing Asp.NetCore Web API Using xUnit[.NET6]

In this article, we are going to write test cases to an Asp.NetCore Web API(.NET6) application using the xUnit. xUnit For .NET: The xUnit for .Net is a free, open-source, community-focused unit testing tool for .NET applications. By default .Net also provides a xUnit project template to implement test cases. Unit test cases build upon the 'AAA' formula that means 'Arrange', 'Act' and 'Assert' Arrange - Declaring variables, objects, instantiating mocks, etc. Act - Calling or invoking the method that needs to be tested. Assert - The assert ensures that code behaves as expected means yielding expected output. Create An API And Unit Test Projects: Let's create a .Net6 Web API and xUnit sample applications to accomplish our demo. We can use either Visual Studio 2022 or Visual Studio Code(using .NET CLI commands) to create any.Net6 application. For this demo, I'm using the 'Visual Studio Code'(using the .NET CLI command) editor. Create a fo

Part-1 Angular JWT Authentication Using HTTP Only Cookie[Angular V13]

In this article, we are going to implement a sample angular application authentication using HTTP only cookie that contains a JWT token. HTTP Only JWT Cookie: In a SPA(Single Page Application) Authentication JWT token either can be stored in browser 'LocalStorage' or in 'Cookie'. Storing JWT token inside of the cookie then the cookie should be HTTP Only. The HTTP-Only cookie nature is that it will be only accessible by the server application. Client apps like javascript-based apps can't access the HTTP-Only cookie. So if we use authentication with HTTP only JWT cookie then we no need to implement custom logic like adding authorization header or storing token data, etc at our client application. Because once the user authenticated cookie will be automatically sent to the server by the browser on every API call. Authentication API: To implement JWT cookie authentication we need to set up an API. For that, I had created a mock authentication API(Using the NestJS Se

ReactJS(v18) Authentication With JWT AccessToken And Refresh Token

In this article, we are going to do ReactJS(v18) application authentication using the JWT Access Token and Refresh Token. JSON Web Token(JWT): JSON Web Token is a digitally signed and secured token for user validation. The JWT is constructed with 3 important parts: Header Payload Signature Create ReactJS Application: Let's create a ReactJS application to accomplish our demo. npx create-react-app name-of-your-app Configure React Bootstrap Library: Let's install the React Bootstrap library npm install react-bootstrap bootstrap Now add the bootstrap CSS reference in 'index.js'. src/index.js: import 'bootstrap/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css' Create A React Component 'Layout': Let's add a React component like 'Layout' in 'components/shared' folders(new folders). src/components/shared/Layout.js: import Navbar from "react-bootstrap/Navbar"; import { Container } from "react-bootstrap"; import Nav from "react-boot

A Small Guide On NestJS Queues

NestJS Application Queues helps to deal with application scaling and performance challenges. When To Use Queues?: API request that mostly involves in time taking operations like CPU bound operation, doing them synchronously which will result in thread blocking. So to avoid these issues, it is an appropriate way to make the CPU-bound operation separate background job.  In nestjs one of the best solutions for these kinds of tasks is to implement the Queues. For queueing mechanism in the nestjs application most recommended library is '@nestjs/bull'(Bull is nodejs queue library). The 'Bull' depends on Redis cache for data storage like a job. So in this queueing technique, we will create services like 'Producer' and 'Consumer'. The 'Producer' is used to push our jobs into the Redis stores. The consumer will read those jobs(eg: CPU Bound Operations) and process them. So by using this queues technique user requests processed very fastly because actually